@inbook {989, title = {On a high and a low diminutive}, booktitle = {The Syntax of Roots and the Roots of Syntax}, year = {Sous presse}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, organization = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, keywords = {OS-C}, author = {Faust, Noam and Lampitelli, Nicola and De Belder, Marijke}, editor = {Artemis Alexiadou and Hagit Borer and Florian Sch{\"a}fer} } @inproceedings {7233, title = {How Distributed are Distributed Representations? An Observation on the Locality of Syntactic Information in Verb Agreement Tasks}, year = {2022}, pages = {501{\textendash}507}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {Dublin, Ireland}, abstract = {

This work addresses the question of the localization of syntactic information encoded in the transformers representations. We tackle this question from two perspectives, considering the object-past participle agreement in French, by identifying, first, in which part of the sentence and, second, in which part of the representation the syntactic information is encoded. The results of our experiments, using probing, causal analysis and feature selection method, show that syntactic information is encoded locally in a way consistent with the French grammar.

}, doi = {10.18653/v1/2022.acl-short.54}, url = {https://aclanthology.org/2022.acl-short.54}, author = {Li, Bingzhi and Wisniewski, Guillaume and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @inproceedings {liHowDistributedAre2022a, title = {How Distributed Are Distributed Representations? An Observation on the Locality of Syntactic Information in Verb Agreement Tasks}, year = {2022}, month = {may}, pages = {501{\textendash}507}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {Dublin, Ireland}, abstract = {

This work addresses the question of the localization of syntactic information encoded in the transformers representations. We tackle this question from two perspectives, considering the object-past participle agreement in French, by identifying, first, in which part of the sentence and, second, in which part of the representation the syntactic information is encoded. The results of our experiments, using probing, causal analysis and feature selection method, show that syntactic information is encoded locally in a way consistent with the French grammar.

}, author = {Li, Bingzhi and Wisniewski, Guillaume and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @inproceedings {li:halshs-03755082, title = {How Distributed are Distributed Representations? An Observation on the Locality of Syntactic Information in Verb Agreement Tasks}, year = {2022}, month = {May}, pages = {501-507}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {Dublin, France}, doi = {10.18653/v1/2022.acl-short.54}, url = {https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03755082}, author = {Li, Bingzhi and Wisniewski, Guillaume and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @inproceedings {li:halshs-03755082, title = {How Distributed are Distributed Representations? An Observation on the Locality of Syntactic Information in Verb Agreement Tasks}, year = {2022}, month = {May}, pages = {501-507}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {Dublin, France}, doi = {10.18653/v1/2022.acl-short.54}, url = {https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03755082}, author = {Li, Bingzhi and Wisniewski, Guillaume and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @inproceedings {7330, title = {How to repair a slip of the tongue?}, year = {2022}, pages = {35{\textendash}47}, author = {L{\"u}cking, Andy and Ginzburg, Jonathan} } @book {7396, title = {Head-driven Phrase structure grammar: the handbook}, series = {Empirically Oriented Theoretical Morphology and Syntax }, year = {2021}, pages = {1500}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, organization = {Language Science Press}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-96110-255-6 }, doi = {DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5543318 }, author = {Stefan M{\"u}ller and Anne Abeill{\'e} and Robert Borsley and Jean-Pierre Koenig} } @inproceedings {simoulin:hal-03601412, title = {How Many Layers and Why? An Analysis of the Model Depth in Transformers}, year = {2021}, address = {Bangkok, Thailand}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03601412}, author = {Simoulin, Antoine and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @inproceedings {simoulinHowManyLayers2021, title = {How Many Layers and Why? An Analysis of the Model Depth in Transformers}, year = {2021}, pages = {221{\textendash}228}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {Online}, abstract = {

In this study, we investigate the role of the multiple layers in deep transformer models. We design a variant of Albert that dynamically adapts the number of layers for each token of the input. The key specificity of Albert is that weights are tied across layers. Therefore, the stack of encoder layers iteratively repeats the application of the same transformation function on the input. We interpret the repetition of this application as an iterative process where the token contextualized representations are progressively refined. We analyze this process at the token level during pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference. We show that tokens do not require the same amount of iterations and that difficult or crucial tokens for the task are subject to more iterations.

}, author = {Simoulin, Antoine and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @article {CahaDeClercq2019b, title = {How to be positive}, journal = {Glossa}, volume = {5}, number = {1}, year = {2020}, pages = {23}, author = {Vanden Wyngaerd, Guido and Starke, Michal and Karen De Clercq and Pavel Caha} } @conference {6511, title = {How Japanese learners produce continuation in French?}, year = {2019}, month = {09/2019}, author = {Rachel Albar and Hiyon Yoo} } @conference {5999, title = {How Japanese learners perceive and produce clusters in French?}, year = {2017}, month = {09/2017}, author = {Rachel Albar and Hiyon Yoo} } @inproceedings {seddah:hal-01457184, title = {{Hard Time Parsing Questions: Building a QuestionBank for French}}, year = {2016}, address = {Portoro{\v z}, Slovenia}, keywords = {parsing, Question, treebanking}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01457184}, author = {Seddah, Djam{\'e} and Marie Candito} } @conference {4721, title = {How to investigate stigmatized constructions in French?}, year = {2016}, month = {09/2016}, abstract = {

It is widely known that some constructions like left-dislocation (Les gateaux, je les ai mang\és / The biscuits, I ate them.), though widespread in spoken corpora are marked in standard written French. Acceptability judgment experiments in written context show stigmatization compared to other pragmatically marked constructions (e.g. clefts), even in felicitous contexts. We replicated those experiments using spoken sentences, and a written speeded grammaticality judgment paradigm.\ 
In spoken French we did not find any differences to the previous experiments. Even with the right prosody, left-dislocations are judged significantly less acceptable than clefts in their respective felicitous contexts. The task demands seem to encourage metalinguistic judgments based on sociolinguistic parameters.\ 
Speeded grammaticality judgments (SGJ), however, show equally high acceptability rates for left-dislocations and clefts. Ungrammatical clefts with clitics, on the other hand, are judged strongly unacceptable while pragmatically odd left-dislocations without clitics are judged moderately acceptable. This is coherent with gradient acceptability accounts where clefts with clitics are ungrammatical syntax wise (hard constraint) and left-dislocations without clitics are possible grammatically, but need a salient alternative to be felicitous (soft constraint).\ 
This series of experiments shows that challenging tasks like SGJ provide results closer to the actual usage of stigmatized constructions.

}, author = {Etienne Riou and Barbara Hemforth} } @conference {4722, title = {How to turn Brazilians into Europeans: Global and local exposure effects on co-reference in European (EP) and Brazilian (BP) Portuguese}, year = {2016}, month = {09/2016}, abstract = {

Co-reference is affected by the availability of pronominal forms in the language, but the interaction of language-based (global) exposure and (local) exposure, e.g., during experiments, is still unclear. We addressed this issue in questionnaires with Overt and Null pronouns in Portuguese sentences like The photographer greeted the journalist when he/\Ø finished?, where he/\Ø referred to either ?photographer? (Subject) or ?journalist? (Object).\ 
While EP keeps a symmetrical distribution of Null and Overt forms, BP seems to be losing the Null forms. This would explain why EP shows the traditional ?division of labour? (Null retrieving Subject/ Overt retrieving Object) whereas BP shows no preference for Overt forms. If the processor is sensitive to pronouns? availability, skewing local exposure towards Null forms should elicit in BP the EP pattern. We created two Exposure conditions (50\%/50\%, 75\%/25\%) varying the relative amount of Null and Overt Pronouns. A significant interaction Pronoun:Exposure for BP confirmed our prediction: while Subject and Object were equally selected as the antecedent of the Overt pronoun in the 50/50 condition, choices for Subject and Object in the 75/25 condition were 30\% and 70\%, approaching the EP pattern. Our results indicate adaptation to the local statistical environment.

}, author = {Eunice Fernandes and Paula Luegi and Eduardo Correa Soares and Israel de la Fuente and Barbara Hemforth} } @conference {5047, title = {A HPSG analysis of non-sentential coordination with he/gen/yu/ji/tong in Mandarin Chinese }, year = {2016}, author = {Aixiu An} } @conference {4459, title = {Heaviness in a Verb-final Language: Evidence from Persian}, year = {2013}, month = {09/2013}, address = {Marseille}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.1.2450.1924}, author = {Pegah Faghiri and Samvelian, Pollet and Barbara Hemforth} } @article {1081, title = {A historical syntax of asyndetic and syndetic relatives clauses}, journal = {Journal of Coptic Studies}, volume = {15}, year = {2013}, month = {2013}, pages = {127-148}, publisher = {Peeters}, type = {research article}, chapter = {127}, address = {Louvain}, keywords = {CH-OS}, author = {Chris Reintges}, editor = {R. Boutros} } @article {5284, title = {How to miss your preposition}, journal = {Studies in Greek Linguistics}, volume = {33}, year = {2013}, pages = {92-106}, author = {Berit Gehrke and Marika Lekakou} } @inbook {674, title = {Hallmarks of Portuguese Syntax}, booktitle = {Functional Heads: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures}, volume = {7}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, organization = {Oxford University Press}, issn = {9780199746736}, doi = {10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199746736.001.0001}, author = {Rouveret, Alain}, editor = {Laura Brug{\'e} and Cardinaletti Anna and Giuliana Giusti and Nicola Munaro and Cecilia Polletto} } @conference {1249, title = {Handling the semantics of evaluative morphology}, year = {2012}, month = {February, 9-12 2}, publisher = {Wirtsch{\"a}ftsuniversit{\"a}t Wien}, address = {Wien, {\"O}sterreich}, keywords = {C-COM}, author = {Fradin, Bernard} } @conference {1213, title = {The Hierarchy of adjuncts in Mandarin VP ellipsis}, year = {2012}, month = {06/2012}, address = {Universit{\'e} Paris Diderot}, keywords = {C-COM}, author = {Yiqin Qiu} } @conference {1214, title = {Hierarchy of Adjuncts in V-Stranding VP-Ellipsis of Mandarin Chinese}, year = {2012}, address = {CRLAO, EHESS}, keywords = {C-COM}, author = {Yiqin Qiu} } @inproceedings {1106, title = {How do Negation and Modality Impact on Opinions ?}, year = {2012}, address = {Jeju Island, Korea}, author = {Farah Benamara and Baptiste Chardon and Yvette Yannick Mathieu and Vladimir Popescu and Nicholas Asher} } @conference {1286, title = {HPSG et la grammaire du fran{\c c}ais}, year = {2012}, address = {Lyon}, keywords = {C-INV}, author = {Anne Abeill{\'e}} } @conference {BilbiieGazdik12, title = {Hybrid Coordination in Hungarian and Romanian}, year = {2012}, keywords = {C-COM}, author = {Anna Gazdik and Gabriela B{\^\i}lb{\^\i}ie}, editor = {Christopher Pinon} } @inproceedings {1140, title = {HaG - a computational grammar of Hausa}, year = {2011}, month = {2012}, pages = {321{\textendash}337}, publisher = {Cascadilla Press}, edition = {Michael R. Marlo, Nikki B. Adams, Christopher R. Green, Michelle Morrison and Tristan M. Purvis}, address = {University of Maryland}, author = {Berthold Crysmann} } @article {reintges_high_2011, title = {High analyticity and Coptic particle syntax: A phase-based approach}, journal = {The Linguistic Review}, volume = {28}, number = {4}, year = {2011}, pages = {533{\textendash}599}, abstract = {

Abstract Coptic {(Ancient} Egyptian, 3rd to 12th c. {CE)} is a language of the isolating/analytic type, with an almost one-to-one correspondence between functional morphemes and words. The present study aims at an exhaustive description and analysis of the language\&$\#$39;s large and diversified inventory of particle words. Functional or grammatical particles encode code tense, aspect, mood categories on the one hand and register wh-dependencies in a broad range of focus-sensitive constructions on the other hand. The central hypotheses are: (i) functional particles are not acategorial parts of speech, but rather fall into two distinct classes of verb-related and complementizer-related categories, (ii) they are not in any sense structurally deficient heads: they can project a specifier position (when endowed with an {EPP} feature) and they can act as phase heads and (iii) the core syntax of the language is laid down by the positive setting of an analyticity macroparameter {(Huang}, {Sino\–Kwa:} Analyticity, parametric theory, and the lexical-functional divide, 2008). High analyticity involves the division of labor between defective verbal categories and morphologically independent tense particles, which agree with but do not attract the main verb.

}, url = {http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/tlir.2011.28.issue-4/tlir.2011.015/tlir.2011.015.xml}, author = {Chris Reintges} } @inproceedings {GazdikKomlosy12, title = {Hungarian Discourse Functions in LFG}, year = {2011}, publisher = {CSLI Publications}, keywords = {C-ACTI}, author = {Anna Gazdik and Andr{\'a}s Koml{\'o}sy}, editor = {Miriam Butt and Tracy Holloway King} } @conference {Bonami10g, title = {How complex is Creole inflectional morphology? The case of Mauritian}, year = {2010}, month = {May}, address = {Budapest}, author = {Olivier Bonami and Fabiola Henri} } @inproceedings {tribout10b, title = {How Many Conversions from Verb to Noun Are There in French?}, year = {2010}, pages = {341-357}, publisher = {CSLI Publications}, address = {Stanford}, keywords = {C-ACTI}, author = {Delphine Tribout}, editor = {Stefan M{\"u}ller} } @mastersthesis {574, title = {HDR. Des descriptions linguistiques {\`a} leurs repr{\'e}sentations}, year = {2009}, type = {masters}, author = {Yvette Yannick Mathieu} } @inproceedings {851, title = {How different are butong and bu yiyang ?}, year = {2009}, address = {National Taiwan Normal University}, author = {Marie-Claude Paris} } @inproceedings {656, title = {How do we focus in whispered voice: preliminary results for French}, year = {2009}, month = {2009}, address = {Las Palmas, Espagne}, author = {G{\'e}raldine Vercherand and Hiyon Yoo} } @inbook {5283, title = {How to become passive}, booktitle = {Explorations of Phase Theory: Features, Arguments, and Interpretation at the Interfaces}, series = {Interface Explorations 17}, year = {2009}, pages = {231-268}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, organization = {de Gruyter}, edition = {Kleanthes Grohmann}, address = {Berlin}, author = {Berit Gehrke and Nino Grillo} } @inproceedings {986, title = {How Vowels Point to Syntactic Structure: Evidence from Hebrew and Italian Online Proceedings de ConSOLE XVII.}, year = {2009}, month = {01/2012}, keywords = {C-ACTI}, author = {Faust, Noam and Lampitelli, Nicola}, editor = {Le Bruyn, Bert and Constantinescu, Camelia and Linke, Kathrin} } @inproceedings {faustlampitelli, title = {How vowels point to syntactic structure: evidence from Hebrew and Italian}, year = {2009}, note = {

Papier pr\ésent\é \à ConSOLE XVII, Universit\é de Nova Gorica (Slov\énie), 15 janvier 2009

}, address = {universit{\'e} de Nova Gorica}, author = {Faust, Noam and Lampitelli, Nicola} } @inbook {Ludwig09a, title = {Hybridation linguistique et fonctions sociales - aspects des contacts entre cr{\'e}ole, fran{\c c}ais et anglais {\`a} Maurice}, booktitle = {Multiple Identities in Action: Mauritius and some Antillean Parallelisms}, year = {2009}, pages = {165{\textendash}202}, publisher = {Peter Lang, Sprache-Identit{\"a}t-Kultur}, organization = {Peter Lang, Sprache-Identit{\"a}t-Kultur}, address = {Frankfurt}, keywords = {OS-C}, author = {Ralph Ludwig and Fabiola Henri and Florence Bruneau-Ludwig}, editor = {Vinesh Y. Hookoomsing and Ralph Ludwig and Schnepel, B.} } @inproceedings {lampitelli-PLM39, title = {How the syntactic change interferes on morphology: Romance plural isoglosses}, year = {2008}, note = {

Papier pr\ésent\é \à \textit{39\up{th} Pozna{\'n} Linguistic Meeting}, University of Pozna{\'n}, 11-14 septembre 2008

}, address = {{Universit{\'e} de Pozna{\'n}}, author = {Lampitelli, Nicola} } @article {1439, title = {H{\'e}ritage de propri{\'e}t{\'e}s dans les grammaires d{\textquoteright}arbres polychromes}, journal = {Linx}, year = {1998}, month = {1998}, pages = {13-41}, chapter = {13}, author = {Cori, Marcel and Jean-Marie Marandin} }