@inbook {993, title = {Nouns}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics}, year = {Sous presse}, publisher = {Brill}, organization = {Brill}, keywords = {OS-C}, author = {Faust, Noam}, editor = {Khan, Geoffrey} } @inproceedings {wisniewski:hal-03911938, title = {Natural Language Processing for language documentation: a progress report for Japhug and Na}, year = {2023}, address = {Kobe, Japan}, url = {https://hal.science/hal-03911938}, author = {Wisniewski, Guillaume and Macaire, C{\'e}cile and Galliot, Benjamin and Adams, Oliver and Lambourne, Nicholas and Foley, Ben and Wiles, Janet and Michaud, Alexis and Guillaume, S{\'e}verine and Jacques, Guillaume and Hill, Nathan} } @article {7191, title = {A nanosyntactic approach to Dutch deadjectival verbs}, journal = {Linguistics in the Netherlands}, year = {2022}, author = {Vanden Wyngaerd, Guido and Karen De Clercq and Pavel Caha} } @article {aristodemo:hal-03509677, title = {On the nature of role shift: insights from a comprehension study in different populations of LIS, LSC and LSF signers.}, journal = {Natural Language and Linguistic Theory}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, doi = {10.1007/s11049-022-09539-0}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03509677}, author = {Valentina Aristodemo and Beatrice Giustolisi and Giorgia Zorzi and Doriane Gras and Charlotte Hauser and Sala, Rita and Amat, Jordina S{\'a}nchez and Caterina Donati and Cecchetto, Carlo} } @conference {7292, title = {The negative vs. positive facets of demodality: How can we account for (some) deep differences between European and Australian languages?}, year = {2022}, month = {06/2022}, address = {Universit{\'e} de Caen Normandie, Caen}, abstract = {

The negative vs. positive facets of demodality: how can we account for deep differences between European and Australian languages?

This talk will give further substance to the claim in (Caudal 2018) that demodality encompasses both positive and negative meanings, respectively associated with \‘actuality entailment\’ (1)/(3) postmodal constructions vs. what I will refer to as \‘inactuality entailment\’ postmodal constructions (2)/(4), sometimes realized by separately conventionalized constructions or complex morphological markings (\‘postmodal\’ being here meant in (van der Auwera \& Plungian 1998)\’s sense).

(1)\ \ \ \ \ \  Dieu \ \  a \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  voulu \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  qu\’il \ \  survive \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \à \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  la\ \  guerre.

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  God\ \ \ \  have.3sg.PR\ \ \  want.PP\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  that.he survive-3sg.SUBJ.PR to\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  the war

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \‘God willed it that he should survive the war (= God willed it, and he survived).

(2)\ \ \ \ \ \  Il \ \ \ \ \ \ \  a\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  voulu\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  ouvrir \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  la \ \ \ \ \ \ \  porte.

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  He\ \ \ \ \ \  have.3sg.PR\ \ \  want.PP\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  open-INF\ \ \ \ \ \ \  the\ \ \ \ \ \  door

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \‘He (vainly) tried to open the door.\’

(3)\ \ \ \ \ \  Il \ \ \ \ \ \ \  a \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  pu \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  ouvrir \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  la\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  porte.

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  He\ \ \ \ \ \  have.3sg.PR\ \ \  be.able-PP\ \ \ \ \  open-INF\ \ \ \ \ \ \  the\ \ \ \ \ \  door

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \‘He managed to open the door.\’

(4)\ \ \ \ \ \  Il \ \ \ \ \ \ \  n\’a \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  pas \ \ \ \  pu \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  ouvrir \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  la \ \ \ \ \ \ \  porte.

He\ \ \ \ \ \  NEG.have.3sg.PR\ \ \ \ \  NEG\ \  be.able-PP\ \ \ \ \  open-INF\ \ \ \ \ \ \  the\ \ \ \ \ \  door

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \‘He (tried and) failed to open the door\’.

A brief areal comparative account of demodality across Europe vs. Australia based on a sample of 40 languages (capitalizing on the results of (Caudal 2022a) for its Australian part), will reveal that while SAE languages seem to offer both \‘positive\’ and \‘negative\’ demodal meanings, with a predominance of the former over the latter, Australian languages exclusively grammaticalize or constructionalize negative postmodal meanings \– especially so-called avertives (Kuteva et al. 2019), cf. (5)-(6).

(5)\ \ \ \ \ \  ayana-wu-ni \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  (Iwaidja)

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  1sg\>3pl.FRUST-hit-FRUST\ \ \ \ \  (TAIM20181114DY@00:04:11) (Author\’s filedwork)

\‘I was going to hit them but didn\’t/nearly hit them\’.

(6)\ \ \ \ \ \  na-buk\ \ \ \  yimarnek\ \ \  ki-buddu-karlkkangki\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  la.\ \ \  \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  (Kunbarlang)

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  i-person\ \  CTFCT\ \ \ \ \ \  3sg.neg-3pl.obj-stalk.irr.pst \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  conj

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  kadda-rnay\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  la\ \ \ \ \ \  kadda-bum.

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  3pl.nf-see.pst\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  conj\ \  3pl.nf-hit.pst

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \‘He was going to sneak up on them, but they saw him \& beat him\’ (Kapitonov 2019:291)

The core research question addressed in this paper will be \– what is the reason behind this typological asymmetry? After identifying distinct, sometimes overlapping development paths for the various categories at stake in both SAE and Australian languages (with avertivity primarily deriving from volitional/proximative aspectuo-modal meanings in Australia), I will hypothesize that the observable differences between Europe and Australia mostly originate in deep differences in the respective types of aspectual systems found in \‘Standard Average European\’ (Haspelmath 1998) (especially Romance and Germanic) vs. Australian languages. In particular, following (Caudal 2022b), I will argue that Australian languages frequently lack combinations of \‘strong\’ perfective aspectual operators with modal operators in their morphology and lexicon, as they tend to only possess aspectually underspecified and/or \‘weak\’ perfective tenses the sense of (Martin 2019) \– i.e., past tenses, which even when endowed with perfective meanings, can disregard culminating interpretations, cf. (7), which is an instance of a so-called \‘non-culminating accomplishment\’ (Bar-El, Davis \& Matthewson 2006).

(7)\ \ \ \ \ \  n-alyubaru-nu=ma \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  y-akina \ \ \  \ \ yinumaninga akena \ \  nara\ \ \ \  (Anindilyakwa)

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  REAL.3M-eat-PST=CTYP MASC-that MASC.food\ \  but \ \ \ \ \  NEG

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  kin-alyubari-na

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  IRR.3M\>MASC-eat-PST

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \‘He began to eat the wild apple, but didn\’t finish it\’\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  (Bednall 2019: 206)

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  (weak perfective; partitive culmination \– event began but failed to culminate)

I will conclude by arguing for the centrality of an aspectual-coercion based origin of demodal meanings in Germanic \& Romance (although it is not exclusive \– Romanian thus offers an Australian-like, imperfective avertive (Pahontu forthcoming)), arguing that such instances of aspectual coercion should not be regarded as a matter of mere type-shifting operator \à la (de Swart 1998), but as a richer, multi-dimensional type of meaning \à la (Gutzmann 2015), combining a non-at-issue modal meaning (formerly at-issue), with an innovative \‘actuality entailment\’, at issue meaning. Of course, such developments are entirely lacking in Australian languages, for want of proper \‘strong\’ perfective grams combining with modal markers.

References

Auwera, Johan van der \& Vladimir Plungian. 1998. Modality\’s semantic map. Linguistic Typology 2(1). 79\–124.

Bar-El, Leora, Henry Davis \& Lisa Matthewson. 2006. On Non-Culminating Accomplishments. In Leah Bateman \& Cherlon Ussery (eds.), Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society (NELS 35), vol. 1, 87\–102. Amherst, MA.: GLSA (Graduate Linguistic Student Association), Department of Linguistics, South College, University of Massachusetts.

Bednall, James. 2019. Temporal, aspectual and modal expression in Anindilyakwa, the language of the Groote Eylandt archipelago, Australia. Canberra / Paris: ANU \& Universit\é de Paris-Diderot PhD Thesis.

Caudal, Patrick. 2018. Demodality: profiling a novel category at the tense/aspect \– modality divide. Presented at the 13th International Conference on Tense, Aspect, Modality and Evidentiality (Chronos 13), Universit\é de Neuch\âtel.

Caudal, Patrick. 2022a. Avertive/frustrative markers in Australian languages: blurring the boundaries between aspectuo-temporal and modal meanings. In Kasia M. Jaszczolt (ed.), Understanding Human Time (Oxford Studies of Time in Language and Thought), 22. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Caudal, Patrick. 2022b. Culmination/telicity and event delineation in Australian Languages: phonology, morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics. In Nora Boneh, Daniel Harbour, Ora Matushansky \& Isabelle Roy (eds.), Building on Babel\’s Rubble. Saint Denis: Presses Universitaires de Vincennes.

Gutzmann, Daniel. 2015. Use-Conditional Meaning: Studies in Multidimensional Semantics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Haspelmath, Martin. 1998. How young is standard average european? Language Sciences 20(3)(3). 271\–287.

Kapitonov, Ivan. 2019. A grammar of Kunbarlang. Melbourne: The University of Melbourne. http://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/handle/11343/225743 (1 November, 2020).

Kuteva, Tania, Bas Aarts, Gergana Popova \& Anvita Abbi. 2019. The grammar of \‘non-realization.\’ Studies in Language 43(4). 850\–895. https://doi.org/10.1075/sl.18044.kut.

Martin, Fabienne. 2019. Non-culminating accomplishments. Language and Linguistics Compass 13(8). 1\–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/lnc3.12346.

Pahontu, Beatrice. forthcoming. P\ériphrases progressives/proximatives et avertivit\é en roumain. Universit\é de Paris / Universitatea din Bucure{\c s}ti PhD Thesis.

Swart, Henri\ëtte de. 1998. Aspect Shift and Coercion. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 16(2). 347\–385.

}, author = {Patrick Caudal and Pahontu, Beatrice} } @article {7286, title = {New ways of analyzing complementizer drop in Montr{\'e}al French: Exploration of cognitive factors}, journal = {Language Variation and Change}, volume = {33}, year = {2022}, pages = {359-385}, author = {Yiming Liang and Pascal Amsili and Heather Burnett} } @inproceedings {celle:hal-03452674, title = {Negative bias in questions in TED talks}, year = {2021}, month = {Oct}, pages = {https://underline.io/lecture/36149-negative-bias-in-questions-in-ted-talks}, publisher = {Caliendo Giuditta and Lemmens Maarten and Lesuisse M{\'e}gane}, address = {Lille, France}, keywords = {anticipation, bias, expectation, expressivity, questions}, doi = {10.48448/jkre-p757}, url = {https://hal-univ-paris.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03452674}, author = {Celle, Agn{\`e}s and Lo{\"\i}c Li{\'e}geois} } @article {liang:hal-03780696, title = {New ways of analyzing complementizer drop in Montr{\'e}al French: Exploration of cognitive factors}, journal = {Language Variation and Change}, volume = {33}, number = {3}, year = {2021}, month = {Oct}, pages = {359-385}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, doi = {10.1017/S0954394521000223}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03780696}, author = {Yiming Liang and Pascal Amsili and Heather Burnett} } @inproceedings {nunez:hal-03540174, title = {Noisy UGC Translation at the Character Level: Revisiting Open-Vocabulary Capabilities and Robustness of Char-Based Models}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Inria Paris}, type = {Research Report}, address = {Punta Cana, Dominican Republic}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-03540174}, author = {N{\'u}{\~n}ez, Jos{\'e} Carlos Rosales and Wisniewski, Guillaume and Seddah, Djam{\'e}} } @inproceedings {nunez:hal-03540174, title = {Noisy UGC Translation at the Character Level: Revisiting Open-Vocabulary Capabilities and Robustness of Char-Based Models}, year = {2021}, month = {Nov}, publisher = {Inria Paris}, type = {Research Report}, address = {Punta Cana, Dominican Republic}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-03540174}, author = {N{\'u}{\~n}ez, Jos{\'e} Carlos Rosales and Wisniewski, Guillaume and Seddah, Djam{\'e}} } @inproceedings {6972, title = {Not quite there yet: Combining analogical patterns and encoder-decoder networks for cognitively plausible inflection}, year = {2021}, pages = {196{\textendash}204}, url = {https://aclanthology.org/2021.sigmorphon-1.28}, author = {Basilio Calderone and Olivier Bonami and Nabil Hathout} } @inbook {7258, title = {Negation, des-indefinites in French and bare nouns across languages}, booktitle = {Disentangling Bare Nouns and Nominals Introduced by a Partitive Article}, number = {Syntax and Semantics 43}, year = {2020}, pages = {186-225}, publisher = {Brill}, organization = {Brill}, author = {Carmen Dobrovie-Sorin}, editor = {Ihsane Tabea} } @inbook {DeClercq2020, title = {Negation in morphology}, booktitle = {The Oxford Encyclopedia of morphology}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, organization = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Karen De Clercq}, editor = {Lieber, Rochelle} } @conference {6678, title = {Non-syntactic constraints on syntactic alternations - L1 acquisition of French partial interrogatives by TD children}, year = {2020}, month = {09/2020}, address = {Postdam (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Thiberge, Gabriel and Barbara Hemforth} } @article {DeClercqWyngaerd2019, title = {Negation and the Functional Sequence}, journal = {Natural Language \& Linguistic Theory}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, year = {2019}, pages = {425{\textendash}460}, author = {Karen De Clercq and Vanden Wyngaerd, Guido} } @inproceedings {bernard_negation_2019, title = {Negation in event semantics with actual and nonactual events}, year = {2019}, pages = {350{\textendash}366}, publisher = {Leiden University Centre for Linguistics}, address = {Leiden, Netherlands}, url = {https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/binaries/content/assets/geesteswetenschappen/lucl/sole/console-xxvi.pdf}, author = {Bernard, Timoth{\'e}e}, editor = {van Alem, Astrid and Ionova, Anastasiia and Pots, Cora} } @article {DeClercqWyngaerd2019b, title = {Negative intervention in Dutch evauative adverbs}, journal = {Rivista di Grammatica Generativa}, volume = {41}, year = {2019}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/11707/7785}, author = {Karen De Clercq and Vanden Wyngaerd, Guido} } @inproceedings {6604, title = {Not few but all quantifiers can be negated: towards a referentially transparent semantics of quantified noun phrases}, year = {2019}, pages = {269-278}, abstract = {

The main concern of this paper is to introduce not as a noun phrase negation operator. It is used in order to compositionally derive structures such as not(many)(bicycles). However, noun phrase negation is part of a much larger account of plural semantics and quantification, guided by the notion of referential transparency. Therefore the paper splits into two parts: the first part gives a minimal background on a referential transparent NP semantics. A foundation of the semantics of plural count nouns in terms of ordered set bipartitions is given. This includes as a side effect a significant reduction in the number of possible quantifier denotations and a derivation of the conservativity universal. The second part deals with not and how it interacts with an negation and anaphoric accessibility.

}, url = {http://events.illc.uva.nl/AC/AC2019/}, author = {L{\"u}cking, Andy and Ginzburg, Jonathan} } @article {6292, title = {Number agreement in French binomials}, journal = {Empirical Issues in Syntax and Semantics}, year = {2019}, issn = {1769-7158}, author = {Aixiu An and Anne Abeill{\'e}}, editor = {Christopher Pinon} } @article {bernard_negative_2018, title = {Negative events in compositional semantics}, journal = {Semantics and Linguistic Theory}, volume = {28}, year = {2018}, pages = {512{\textendash}532}, issn = {2163-5951}, doi = {10.3765/salt.v28i0.4429}, url = {https://journals.linguisticsociety.org/proceedings/index.php/SALT/article/view/28.512}, author = {Bernard, Timoth{\'e}e and Champollion, Lucas} } @inproceedings {7362, title = {{\textquotedblleft}No, I AM{\textquotedblright}: What are you saying {\textquotedblleft}no{\textquotedblright} to?}, volume = {21}, year = {2018}, pages = {1241{\textendash}1252}, author = {Ye Tian and Jonathan Ginzburg} } @inbook {DeClercq2017, title = {The Nanosyntax of French Negation}, booktitle = {Studies on Negation: syntax, semantics, and variation}, year = {2017}, pages = {49-80}, publisher = {Vienna University Press}, organization = {Vienna University Press}, author = {Karen De Clercq}, editor = {Cruschina, Silvio and Hartmann, Katharina and Remberger, Eva-Maria} } @conference {7461, title = {A New Typology of the Morphology{\textendash}Syntax Interface in Language Change}, year = {2017}, author = {Chris Reintges} } @conference {4745, title = {A Narrow Syntactic Account for Reconstruction Effects}, year = {2016}, month = {07/2016}, address = {Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing}, author = {Pan, Victor Junnan} } @booklet {danlos:hal-01392829, title = {Natural Language Processing, 60 years after the Chomsky-Sch{\"u}tzenberger hierarchy}, year = {2016}, publisher = {{Robert Cori and Dominique Perrin}}, keywords = {Formal grammars, Language hierarchy}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01392829}, author = {Danlos, Laurence and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @inproceedings {coavoux:hal-01353734, title = {{Neural Greedy Constituent Parsing with Dynamic Oracles}}, year = {2016}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, keywords = {NLP, parsing}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01353734}, author = {Coavoux, Maximin and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @inproceedings {5630, title = {Neural Greedy Constituent Parsing with Dynamic Oracles}, year = {2016}, month = {August}, pages = {172{\textendash}182}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-1017}, author = {Coavoux, Maximin and Beno{\^\i}t Crabb{\'e}} } @inproceedings {5823, title = {"No I Am": What are you saying "No" to?}, year = {2016}, address = {Edimbourg}, abstract = {

The English particle \“no\” can be used in a variety of contexts. We propose that \“no\” is three ways ambiguous, distinguished by the type of antecedent utilized: explicit, implicit and exophoric. The second type\—\“no\” with an implicit antecedent addresses a grounding misalignment caused by sources such as speaker\’s bias. This type of \“no\” cannot be used bare. The current semantic theories on \“no\” as an answer particle to negative polar questions and assertions claim that \“no\” is ambiguous between confirming and rejecting the polar question or assertion. The preceding negative polar question or assertion licenses and therefore provides the content for \“no\” in answers like \“No, I AM\”. We argue instead that the ambiguity arises from whether \“no\” is picking an an explicit antecedent\—the queried proposition\—or an implicit one\—the questioner\’s bias. We offer three predictions and show that even positive antecedents with implied bias may license the \“No, I AM\” type of answer; in dialogue, bare \“no\”s only pick up explicit antecedents; the strength of the bias in a negative question influences the rate of the second type of \“no\” uses. We formalize our account in the KoS framework (Ginzburg, 2012). Our analysis highlights the importance of potential mismatches between the information states of different conversational participants in meaning resolution.

}, keywords = {dialogue, KoS, negation, No, non-sentential utterance, polarity particle}, author = {Ye Tian and Jonathan Ginzburg} } @conference {5048, title = {Non-sentential coordination with he/gen/yu/ji/tong in Mandarin Chinese}, year = {2016}, author = {Aixiu An} } @conference {6805, title = {A Neoconstructionist view of the French negative prefix in- {[ɛ̃], [i], [in]} and -able adjectives}, year = {2015}, month = {01/2015}, address = {Paris Diderot Paris 7}, url = {https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B4w2tN6S5U-maWNBZjV1aG5HUms/view}, author = {Garet, Patty} } @article {4543, title = {Neurodynamics of executive control processes in bilinguals: Evidence from ERP and source reconstruction analyses}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, volume = {6}, year = {2015}, month = {06/2015}, abstract = {

The present study was designed to examine the impact of bilingualism on the neuronal activity in different executive control processes namely conflict monitoring, control implementation (i.e., interference suppression and conflict resolution) and overcoming of inhibition. Twenty-two highly proficient but non-balanced successive French\–German bilingual adults and 22 monolingual adults performed a combined Stroop/Negative priming task while event-related potential (ERP) were recorded online. The data revealed that the ERP effects were reduced in bilinguals in comparison to monolinguals but only in the Stroop task and limited to the N400 and the sustained fronto-central negative-going potential time windows. This result suggests that bilingualism may impact the process of control implementation rather than the process of conflict monitoring (N200). Critically, our study revealed a differential time course of the involvement of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in conflict processing. While the ACC showed major activation in the early time windows (N200 and N400) but not in the latest time window (late sustained negative-going potential), the PFC became unilaterally active in the left hemisphere in the N400 and the late sustained negative-going potential time windows. Taken together, the present electroencephalography data lend support to a cascading neurophysiological model of executive control processes, in which ACC and PFC may play a determining role.

}, doi = {DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00821}, author = {Heidlmayr, Karin and Barbara Hemforth and Moutier, Sylvain and Isel, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric} } @conference {5866, title = {On Nasality in Nupoid}, year = {2014}, month = {08/2014}, address = {Universit{\'e} de Leyde}, author = {Sandro Capo Chichi} } @inproceedings {4940, title = {New Functions for a Multipurpose Multimodal Tool for Phonetic and Linguistic Analysis of Very Large Speech Corpora}, year = {2014}, month = {05/2014}, pages = {3628-3621}, author = {Philippe Martin} } @inproceedings {4445, title = {Non-native perception of final boundary tones in French interrogatives}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, pages = {563-567}, address = {Dublin}, abstract = {

The aim of the paper is to present the results of a perception experiment in which native and non-native listeners were asked to rate the appropriateness of resynthesized questions varying in respect to two aspects: their morphosyntactic structure (presence/absence of an interrogative marker) and the form of their final intonational contour (falling, rising and extra-rising). The goal of the experiment was to examine how non-native listeners of French did perceive the extra-rising final contour that was observed in learners\’ productions. Do they consider it as appropriate even if it did not occur often in the native speakers\’ productions? By and large, the results of the experiment show that native listeners preferred rising contours over falling ones in all question types, whereas non- native listeners rated the extra rising contours higher than French natives in stimuli having a morphosyntactic structure that differs from the one used in their L1. These results may suggest that rising contours represent a default tonal form associated with the interrogative modality not only at the beginning of the L2 acquisition process, but also in speakers\’ mental representation, irrespective of their L1.

}, keywords = {L2 acquisition, L2 intonation}, author = {Fabi{\'a}n Santiago Vargas and Mairano, Paolo and {\'E}lisabeth Delais-Roussarie}, editor = {Campbell, N. and Daniel Hirst} } @inproceedings {baranes:hal-01019998, title = {{Normalisation de textes par analogie: le cas des mots inconnus}}, year = {2014}, pages = {137-148}, address = {Marseille, France}, keywords = {Analogy, Spell checking, Text normalization}, url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01019998}, author = {Baranes, Marion and Beno{\^\i}t Sagot} } @conference {5085, title = {Notes on the acquisition of adjunction}, year = {2014}, month = {11/2014}, address = {Universit{\'e} Paris Diderot}, author = {Carla Soares-Jesel} } @conference {5079, title = {Notes on the acquisition of infinitive constructions in European Portuguese}, year = {2014}, month = {07/2014}, address = {University of Amsterdam}, author = {Carla Soares-Jesel} } @inproceedings {4454, title = {Negation and mood alternation in French A preliminary experimental investigation of polarity mood}, year = {2013}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.1.4653.8407}, url = {http://web.stanford.edu/dept/linguistics/structures_evidence/website/docs/papers/godard_et_al_2013.pdf}, author = {Dani{\`e}le Godard and Barbara Hemforth and Jean-Marie Marandin} } @conference {4411, title = {Negation as diagnostic in VP-Ellipsis in Mandarin}, year = {2013}, month = {06/2013}, address = {Universit{\'e} Normale Nationale de Taiwan}, author = {Yiqin Qiu} } @conference {4413, title = {Negation as diagnostic in VP-Ellipsis in Mandarin}, year = {2013}, month = {09/2013}, address = {EHESS, Paris}, author = {Yiqin Qiu} } @conference {4410, title = {Negation in VP-Ellipsis in Mandarin Chinese}, year = {2013}, month = {03/2013}, address = {Universit{\'e} de Potsdam, Germany}, author = {Yiqin Qiu} } @article {4831, title = {Neurophysiological research explains prosodic structures constrains }, journal = {Revista da linguagem}, volume = {20}, year = {2013}, pages = {13-22}, author = {Philippe Martin} } @inproceedings {4992, title = {Nouns do not take complements: A theoretical claim and a psycholinguistic experiment {\guillemotright} }, year = {2013}, pages = {1-16}, publisher = {Hituzi Syobo Publishing}, edition = {Otsu, Y}, address = {Tokyo}, author = {Carlo Cecchetto and Caterina Donati} } @conference {4986, title = {Nouns do not take complements. A theoretical claim and a psycholinguistic experiment. }, year = {2013}, month = {03/2013}, address = {Keio Tokyo}, author = {Caterina Donati} } @conference {4354, title = {Now : op{\'e}rateur de rapprochement}, volume = {10}, year = {2013}, month = {2014}, pages = {121-133}, publisher = {Universit{\'e} Paris Diderot}, edition = {Universit{\'e} Paris Diderot}, address = {Paris 7}, author = {Boulin, Myriam} } @inproceedings {1263, title = {No need for a theory of the distribution of readings of English bare plurals}, year = {2012}, keywords = {C-ACTI}, author = {Giorgio Magri} } @inbook {5226, title = {Nominal and Pronominal Possessors in Romanian}, booktitle = {Genitive Case and Genitive Construction}, number = {Case and Grammatical Relations Across Languages}, year = {2012}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, organization = {John Benjamins}, address = {Philadelphia}, author = {Ion Giurgea and Carmen Dobrovie-Sorin}, editor = {Carlier, Anne and Verstraete, Jean-Christophe} } @inbook {431, title = {Nominal tense}, booktitle = {The Oxford Handbook of Tense and Aspect}, series = {Oxford Handbooks in Linguistics}, year = {2012}, pages = {696-718}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, organization = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Jacqueline Lecarme}, editor = {Robert I. Binnick} } @article {Ritzforthcoming, title = {Now or Then? The clitic {\textendash}rru in Panyjima: Temporal properties in discourse}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, volume = {32}, year = {2012}, pages = {41-73}, chapter = {41}, author = {Ritz, Marie-Eve and Dench, Alan and Patrick Caudal} } @inproceedings {sagot11icil, title = {A new morphological lexicon and a POS tagger for the Persian Language}, year = {2011}, note = {

Communication \à la 4eme \édition de la International Conference on Iranian Linguistics (ICIL4). 17-19 juin 2011. Uppsala, Su\ède

}, month = {06/2011}, address = {Uppsala, Su{\`e}de}, abstract = {

In (Sagot and Walther, 2010), the authors introduce an advanced tokenizer and a morpho- logical lexicon for the Persian language named PerLex. In this paper, we describe experiments dedicated to enriching this lexicon and using it for building a POS tagger for Persian.

Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks such as part-of-speech (POS) tagging or pars- ing as well as most NLP applications require large-scale lexical resources. Yet, such resources rarely are freely available, even though it is the fastest way to building high-quality resources. In this paper, we introduce a new version of the large-scale and freely available morpholog- ical lexicon for Persian named PerLex, which relies on a new linguistically motivated POS inventory as well as several validation steps; we show how we used this new lexicon for gen- erating an improved version of the BijanKhan corpus (BijanKhan, 2004) and training the MElt tagging system (Denis and Sagot, 2009), thus creating a freely available Persian tagger.

The first important NLP project on Persian is the Shiraz project, targeted towards Persian to English automatic translation (Amtrup et al., 2000). Among other things, it produced 50,000 terms bilingual lexicon (which however does not seem to be freely available) based in part on a unification-based description of the Persian morphology (Megerdoomian, 2000). Apart from the Shiraz project, some other NLP tools such as morphological tools and lemmatisers have been developed, although not associated with a full large scale lexicon (cf. the freely available lemmatizer PerStem (Dehdari and Lonsdale, 2008)). To our best knowledge, the only freely available large-coverage lexical resources for Persian are the above-mentioned PerLex lexicon (Sagot and Walther, 2010) and the Persian lexicon within MULTEXT-East version 4 (Erjavec, 2010; QasemiZadeh and Rahimi, 2006). Other recent work on the development of NLP tools and resources for Persian processing is mostly focused on designing part-of-speech taggers (QasemiZadeh and Rahimi, 2006; Shamsfard and Fadaee, 2008), parsers (Dehdari and Lonsdale, 2008) or automatic translation systems.

Improving PerLex The PerLex 1 lexicon (Sagot and Walther, 2010) contained approx. 36,000 lexical entries (lemmas) corresponding to over 520,000 (inflected) form entries describing ap- prox. 500,000 unique forms. Apart from its underlying morphological description, PerLex 1 had mainly been built automatically using automatic lexical data aquisition techniques such as the extraction of lexical entries from the automatically tagged BijanKhan corpus (BijanKhan, 2004) and from Wikipedia. Therefore, the first step towards the construction of a new version, PerLex 2, was to improve the quality of the lexicon by validating the entries extracted from the BijanKhan corpus. We first automatically (pre-)validated a certain amount of entries, us- ing comparison and/or fusion of PerLex with other lexical resources (i.e. the Persian lexicon included in version 4 of MULTEXT-East (henceforth MTE4-fa) (QasemiZadeh and Rahimi, 2006; Erjavec, 2010) and the Persian Pronunciation Dictionary (henceforth PPD) (Deyhime, 2000). Being not freely distributable, we didn\&$\#$39;t use the PPD to provide us with additional entries, but only to pre-validate existing lexical entries, in particular those for which most inflected forms are found in the PPD. On the other hand, MTE4-fa is a freely available and

redistributable morphological lexicon including 13,006lexical entries. We established a map- ping between POS tags found in MTE4-fa and in PerLex, converted MTE4-fa in same format as PerLex and merged it with PerLex. The entries resulting from merging entries from both resources were considered pre-validated. Entries corresponding only to MTE4-fa entries were added to PerLex (in many cases, this required to add the appropriate inflection class manually).

Entries automatically pre-validated were excluded from the manual validation (apart for nouns and adjectives) hence avoiding unecessary manual validation costs. So far, we have carried out two seperate manual validation campaigns using a dedicated online validation in- terface that aims at optimizing validation speed (for example, lexical entries are displayed as a canonical form and the minimal set of inflected forms whose correctness guarantees that the entry\&$\#$39;s inflection class is correct; another example is that the interface allows for specifying most types of inflection class assignment errors (e.g., a lemma ending in یyeh pronounced [i] but considered as if it was pronounced [j]). The first validation campaign created 751vali- dation tickets 451(correct entries, 250correct POS but invalid inflected forms, no invalid POS and 50completely invalid entries, mostly due to encoding bugs we resolved in the meantime). The second validation campaign created 1,097validation tickets 818(correct entries, 17valid POS but invalid inflected forms, 26invalid categories ans 129completely invalid entries, mostly inflected pronominal forms erroneously considered as individual lexical entries).

Another new feature of PerLex 2is its new sound set of POS. PerLex 1had simply adopted the POS used in the BijanKhan corpus (BijanKhan, ;2004Amiri et al., .)2007We decided to convert the lexicon into a new set of linguistically motivated POS (Faghiri \&Samvelian, in prep.): nouns, proper nouns, adjectives, adverbs; verbs, prepositions, conjunctions, classifiers, pronouns, determiners and interjections. The conversion has been realised through automatic conversion techniques. It was straightforward for nouns (N), verbs (V), proper nouns (PN), pronouns (PRO), interjections (INT), delimiters (DELM). For the other POS, precise criteria had to be established manually to re-assign their members. The POS MORP of the BijanKhan corpus has been altogether suppressed since it contained elements contributing to word-formation in various ways but not considered words in the description we adopted. On the other hand, we established a new POS tag for classifiers (CLASS) which replaces the old specifier-tag SPEC.

The size of PerLex 2is similar to that of PerLex 1(suppressing erroneous entries has quantitatively counter-balanced the addition of new entries and the conversion into a new POS set does not result in quantitative differences), yet it is the qualitative improvement, such as the addition of new inflection tables for auxiliairies and light verbs, that characterises PerLex .2

Corpus modification The next step of our work was to develop a new tagger for Persian based on our POS inventory and on PerLex ,2using the MElt tagging system (Denis and Sagot, .)2009We first designed a tagset that is a refinment of this inventory. Our tagset defines 79 tags, among which 37verbal tags, 9pronominal tags and 8nominal tags.

For training the MElt system, we decided to create a new version of the BijanKhan corpus. This new version differs in two ways: first, we improved the original automatic tokenization and annotation of the corpus. Second, we converted the corpus so that it uses our tagset. We started from the version of the corpus used in (Sagot and Walther, ,)2010which is already segmented in 88,885sentences. We applied rule-based transformations for correcting sys- tematic tokenization and/or annotation errors. These include among others various kinds of typographic (e.g., whitespace) inconsistencies (verbal prefixes, nominal suffixes, acronyms, compound prepositions, removal of the MORP category, and others), whose correction require modifications in the annotation itself. We also corrected systematic annotation errors. Next, we needed to convert the corpus annotations into our 79-tag tagset. In order to achieve a good level

of quality, we decided to convert mostly the annotation of those tokens for which we could find a unique tag from our tagset that was consistent with both the corrected corpus annotation and lexical information in PerLex 2. However, in rare cases, heuristics allowed us to choose among various possible tags, as well as to convert annotations for tokens unknown to PerLex (e.g., by relying on morphology-based patterns). The resulting modified BijanKhan corpus was then split in 3 parts. The last 100 sentences (1,568 of their 1,707 tokens could be con- verted) were extracted and the annotations manually converted (when needed) or corrected, leading to a gold standard. Among the remaining sentences, those for which all tokens had been successfully converted constitute a 18,731-sentence training corpus (302,690 tokens).

Tagging Persian with MEltfa Next, we extracted from PerLex 2 a lexicon based on our 79-tag tagset. Together with the above-described (far from error-free) training corpus, this al- lowed us to train the MElt system and generate a tagger for Persian, MEltfa. W.r.t. our gold standard, MEltfa has a 90.3\% accuracy on the full tagset, and a 93.3\% accuracy if we project this tagset on our 14 POS inventory. Evaluated only on the 1,568 tokens for which the anno- tations could be converted automatically, these figures reach respectively 93.9\% and 95.3\%. These figures are probably a lower bound on the accuracy we would reach if all annotations were converted successfully. Indeed, non-converted tokens have not been converted in the training data either: MElt has not learned any contextual information about them, hence more errors on these tokens (this in turn might affect MEltfa\&$\#$39;s decisions on surrounding tokens).

We compared the quality of MEltfa\&$\#$39;s annotations to those resulting from our automatic conversion process. It turns out that the accuracy of these annotations on those 1,568 tokens for which the automatic conversion was successful is exactly the same (93.9\% and 95.3\%) as that of MEltfa, although only 48\% concern the same tokens. In other words, on these 1,568 tokens, MEltfa was able to produce annotations whose quality is the same as the quality of its training corpus, which in turn is higher than that of the original BijanKhan corpus. We believe that this is related both to the use of PerLex as a source of information and to the fact that MEltfa\&$\#$39;s probabilistic model smoothes many errors in its training corpus (with a {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}co- training\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39;-like effect). This latter hypothesis is confirmed by the fact that, among these 1,568 tokens, MEltfa\&$\#$39;s result are slightly closer to the gold standard (93,9\% accuracy on the full tagset) than to its automatically converted version before manual correction (93.4\%).\ 

}, url = {http://web.me.com/gwalther/homepage/Publications_(fr)_files/icil11pergram.pdf}, author = {Beno{\^\i}t Sagot and G{\'e}raldine Walther and Pegah Faghiri and Samvelian, Pollet} } @inproceedings {981, title = {A new view of stress assignment in Colloquial Egyptian Arabic (CEA)}, year = {2011}, address = {Turin}, keywords = {C-COM}, author = {Radwa Fathi} } @inproceedings {sagot11sfcm, title = {Non-canonical inflection : data, formalisation and complexity measures.}, volume = {100}, year = {2011}, note = {

Systems and Frameworks for Computational Morphology

}, month = {August 2011}, pages = {23-45}, publisher = {Springer}, chapter = {23}, abstract = {

Non-canonical inflection (suppletion, deponency, heterocli- sis...) is extensively studied in theoretical approaches to morphology. However, these studies often lack practical implementations associated with large-scale lexica. Yet these are precisely the requirements for ob- jective comparative studies on the complexity of morphological descrip- tions. We show how a model of inflectional morphology which can rep- resent many non-canonical phenomena [67], as well as a formalisation and an implementation thereof can be used to evaluate the complexity of competing morphological descriptions. After illustrating the proper- ties of the model with data about French, Latin, Italian, Persian and Sorani Kurdish verbs and about noun classes from Croatian and Slovak we expose experiments conducted on the complexity of four competing descriptions of French verbal inflection. The complexity is evaluated us- ing the information-theoretic concept of description length. We show that the new concepts introduced in the model by [67] enable reducing the complexity of morphological descriptions w.r.t. both traditional or more recent models.\ 

}, keywords = {Canonicity, Description Complexity, Inflection Pat- tern, Inflection Zone, Inflectional Morphology, MDL, Paradigm Shape, Stem Pattern., Stem Zone}, isbn = {978-3-642-23137-7}, issn = {1865-0929}, url = {http://web.me.com/gwalther/homepage/Publications_(fr)_files/sfcm11-updated.pdf}, author = {Beno{\^\i}t Sagot and G{\'e}raldine Walther} } @inbook {498, title = {Note sur les noms {\`a} voyelle initiale stable en kabyle.}, booktitle = {Parcours berb{\`e}res, M{\'e}langes offerts {\`a} Paulette Galand-Pernet et Lionel Galand pour leur 90e anniversaire}, year = {2011}, pages = {417-434}, publisher = {R{\"u}diger K{\"o}ppe}, organization = {R{\"u}diger K{\"o}ppe}, keywords = {OS-C}, author = {Sabrina Bendjaballah}, editor = {Mettouchi, Amina} } @article {1292, title = {N1 de N2 : Une diversit{\'e} formelle et fonctionnelle}, journal = {Romanistica Pragensia XVIII - Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Philologica}, volume = {2/2009}, year = {2010}, pages = {97-109}, issn = {0567-8269}, author = {Jana Strnadov{\'a}} } @inbook {939, title = {Negation in the simple clause in the Romance languages}, booktitle = {Fundamental issues in the Romance languages}, year = {2010}, pages = {263{\textendash}318}, publisher = {CSLI}, organization = {CSLI}, address = {Stanford}, keywords = {OS-C}, author = {Francis Corblin and Lucia M. Tovena}, editor = {Dani{\`e}le Godard} } @inbook {De-Clercq2010, title = {Neg-shift in English. Evidence from PP-adjuncts}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Generative Grammar. Movement in Minimalism}, year = {2010}, pages = {231-251}, publisher = {Hankuk Publishing Company}, organization = {Hankuk Publishing Company}, address = {South Korea}, author = {Karen De Clercq}, editor = {An, Duk-Ho and Kim, Soo Yeon} } @inbook {1117, title = {Nounness, gender, class and syntactic structures in Italian nouns}, booktitle = {Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 2008. Selected papers from "Going Romance" Groningen 2008}, year = {2010}, pages = {195-214}, publisher = {John Benjamins}, organization = {John Benjamins}, address = {Amsterdam}, author = {Lampitelli, Nicola}, editor = {Bok-Bennema, Reineke and Kampers-Manhe, Brigitte and Hollebrandse, Bart} } @article {807, title = {Number Neutral Amounts and Pluralities in Brazilian Portuguese}, journal = {Journal of Portuguese Linguistics}, volume = {9}, year = {2010}, pages = {53-74}, author = {Carmen Dobrovie-Sorin} } @inproceedings {822, title = {Number neutrality}, year = {2010}, address = {Bucarest}, author = {Carmen Dobrovie-Sorin} } @inproceedings {1186, title = {Ni tout {\`a} fait la m{\^e}me Ni tout {\`a} fait une autre : {\`a} propos des emplois qualifiants en {\guillemotleft} comme SN {\guillemotright}}, year = {2009}, pages = {49-60}, publisher = {Presses Universitaires de Caen, coll. Biblioth{\`e}que de Syntaxe et de S{\'e}mantique}, keywords = {C-ACTI}, author = {Moline, Estelle and Desmets, Marianne} } @inproceedings {863, title = {On nominal plurality in Mandarin Chinese}, year = {2009}, address = {EHESS, Paris}, author = {Marie-Claude Paris} } @inproceedings {961, title = {On the notion of exponence}, year = {2009}, address = {New York University}, author = {Lowenstamm, Jean} } @conference {824, title = {Number neutrality}, year = {2009}, address = {Barcelone}, keywords = {AP, table ronde th{\'e}matique}, author = {Carmen Dobrovie-Sorin} } @inproceedings {Caudal2009November, title = {The Nyamal usitative: individuals in context}, year = {2009}, month = {November}, address = {K.U. Leuven}, author = {Patrick Caudal} } @article {576, title = {Navigation dans un texte {\`a} la recherche des sentiments}, journal = {Lingvisticae Investigationes}, volume = {31}, year = {2008}, chapter = {313}, author = {Yvette Yannick Mathieu} } @inproceedings {432, title = {On Nominal Number and Partial Agreement}, year = {2008}, month = {04/2008}, address = {Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle}, author = {Jacqueline Lecarme} } @inproceedings {688, title = {Nominalisations. A case study from French}, year = {2008}, address = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart - May 31, 2008}, keywords = {C-COM}, author = {Fradin, Bernard} } @inproceedings {lampitelli-GR2008, title = {Nounness, gender, class and syntactic structure in Italian}, year = {2008}, note = {

Papier pr\ésent\é \à Going Romance 2008, Universit\é de Groningen (Pays-Bas), 7 d\écembre 2008

}, publisher = {Universit{\'e} de Groningen}, author = {Lampitelli, Nicola} } @inbook {839, title = {Nouveau coup d{\textquoteright}{\o}e}il sur {\guillemotleft} Le probl{\`e}me linguistique des pr{\'e}positions et la solution chinoise{\guillemotright}}, booktitle = {Combat pour les langues du monde, Hommage {\`a} Claude Hag{\`e}ge, sous la responsabilit{\'e} de J. Fernandez-Vest. Collection "Grammaire et cognition"}, volume = {4 \& 5}, year = {2007}, pages = {401-410}, publisher = {L{\textquoteright}Harmattan}, organization = {L{\textquoteright}Harmattan}, address = {Paris}, keywords = {OS-C}, author = {Marie-Claude Paris} } @inproceedings {Henri04, title = {NLP: Developing and Implementing a Formal Mauritian Grammar}, year = {2004}, publisher = {University of Mauritius}, address = {Berlin}, keywords = {C-COM}, author = {Fabiola Henri} } @inbook {1423, title = {Nounless Determiners}, booktitle = {Handbook of French semantics}, year = {2004}, pages = {23-40}, publisher = {CSLI}, organization = {CSLI}, address = {Stanford}, author = {Corblin Francis and Jean-Marie Marandin and Sleeman Petra} } @inbook {1437, title = {"No entity without identity". L{\textquoteright}analyse des groupes nominaux "det +A"}, booktitle = {Mots et grammaires}, year = {1996}, edition = {Bernard Fradin \& Francine Mazi{\`e}re}, author = {Jean-Marie Marandin} }